The Ultimate travel guide Overview : Colombia

Is Colombia the right destination for you ?  Keep reading this ultimate travel guide discover everything you can expect in this vibrant country.

Welcome to colombia

Colombia holds a special place in my heart. It was the destination of my first self-organized trip outside of Canada and also my first adventure with Rebecca. I fell in love with this incredible country, and perhaps I’m a bit biased because I’m now married to a Colombian. Thanks to this, I’ve had the opportunity to revisit and deepen my appreciation for all it has to offer. Through this Ultime travel Guide, I hope to share a glimpse of my love for Colombia and inspire you to explore this extraordinary destination.

When you think of Colombia, images of coffee, vibrant jungles, and lively parties might come to mind—and you’re not wrong! But Colombia is so much more. It’s a land of stunning beaches, colorful cities, mouthwatering cuisine, warm and welcoming people, rich traditions, and unmatched biodiversity. The variety of experiences it offers is truly remarkable.

You can hike through coastal national parks like Tayrona, relax on pristine tropical beaches, or explore the towering Andes, where traditional Colombian culture comes to life. Colombia is home to countless natural reserves, including the legendary Amazon rainforest, a place that has sparked imaginations for generations. Whether you’re a nature lover, adventure seeker, or culture enthusiast, Colombia promises unforgettable experiences at every turn.

WHEN TO VISIT COLOMBIA : SEASONAL HIGHLIGHTS

The best time to visit Colombia is during the dry season, which runs from December to March. However, it’s essential to tailor your plans to the specific region you’re exploring. Thanks to its proximity to the equator, Colombia enjoys relatively stable temperatures year-round, but the weather can vary significantly depending on altitude. For example, a trip to the tropical beaches will be very different from one to the cool, towering Andes.

If you’re not a fan of rain, it’s best to avoid the wet season from April to November, as heavy and frequent downpours are common during this time. Also, if you prefer to steer clear of crowds, avoid traveling between mid-December and mid-January, as this is the peak vacation period for Colombians. On the other hand, October and November tend to be quieter months, with fewer tourists, lower prices, and a more relaxed atmosphere.

On the Caribbean coast, the climate is hot and tropical year-round, making it a paradise for sun-seekers. To enjoy the best weather, plan your visit between December and April, when rainfall is minimal.

Must-See Events in Colombia

• Feria de Cali (December 25–30): While I wouldn’t usually recommend Cali as a must-visit destination for those with limited time in Colombia (sorry, Alvaro!), the Feria de Cali is a notable exception. During this festival, the city transforms into one giant celebration, with parades, shows, and the famous Salsódromo taking center stage. Known as the Salsa Capital of the World, Cali comes alive with its unique dance style and extraordinary performers. If you’re in Colombia in December, this event is not to be missed!
• Feria de las Flores, Medellín (August): Medellín’s Flower Fair is its most important annual celebration. Every August, the city hosts ten days of festivities, showcasing its vibrant flower culture and spirited residents. In 2025, the fair is scheduled for August 1–10. It’s a beautiful time to experience Medellín at its most colorful and festive.
• Carnaval de Barranquilla (February/March): Colombia is renowned for its vibrant celebrations, and the Carnaval de Barranquilla is one of the most spectacular. Often compared to Rio’s carnival, it’s a whirlwind of Latin music, colorful costumes, and unbridled joy. It’s the perfect opportunity to immerse yourself in Colombia’s lively culture, dance to its infectious rhythms, and experience the legendary hospitality of its people.

CULTURE AND HERITAGE OF COLOMBIA

Colombia’s culture is as diverse as its landscapes, shaped by the rich blend of its people and their traditions. Indigenous groups, descendants of Spanish settlers, Afro-Colombians, and Europeans have all left their mark, creating a vibrant tapestry of influences. Many traditional arts, dances, and music trace their roots to Spain, while the coastal cuisine carries a distinct Caribbean flair, particularly in cities like Cartagena. Family life in Colombia is deeply rooted in traditional Catholic values, adding another layer of cultural depth.

Each region of Colombia tells its own unique story, with traditions and values reflecting its geography—be it the coast, the mountains, or the inland plains. This artistic nation actively celebrates creativity. Bogotá, for example, has decriminalized graffiti, turning its streets into colorful canvases and fostering a culture of liberal expression. The capital also promotes healthy living through initiatives like “car-free Sundays,” where cyclists and pedestrians reclaim the city, creating a vibrant urban experience.

Colombian cuisine is as hearty as it is flavorful, so come hungry! From the abundance of tropical fruits to regional delicacies, you’ll find endless culinary delights to savor.

Colombia is a traveler’s dream—a stunning country filled with natural wonders and hidden corners, where every visitor can discover their own slice of paradise. Its vibrant, forward-thinking cities and rich cultural diversity make exploring Colombia an unforgettable adventure for all.

For an even deeper dive into Colombia’s cultural history, I highly recommend reading the Cultural Handbook of Colombia. This beautifully illustrated, research-based guide offers 300 full-color pages of stories about the nation’s heritage. Available for free in both Spanish and English, it’s an absolute gem for anyone planning a trip to Colombia. You can download it here. Don’t miss it—it’s a must-read!

What to Eat in Colombia: A Feast for the Senses

One of the most exciting questions when visiting a new country is: What should I eat? In Colombia, the answer is a long and delicious list. Colombian cuisine is incredibly diverse and vibrant, making it one of my personal favorites in the world. (I’m a huge fan of Ajiaco—more on that in a moment!) Food is reason enough to visit Colombia, as each region offers its own unique flavors and must-try dishes. So let’s dive into the delicious world of Colombian food, and I’ll introduce you to some iconic dishes you can’t miss.

El Sancocho

El Ajiaco

A classic dish from Bogotá, Ajiaco is a creamy soup made with three types of potatoes, chicken, and corn. It’s traditionally served with rice, avocado  and capers on the side. Ajiaco is more than just a meal—it’s an experience you can’t skip.

La Bandeja Paisa

This iconic dish from the Antioquia region is a feast on a plate. It includes beans, rice, chorizo, sausage, fried pork belly (chicharrón), fried egg, avocado, sweet plantains, and arepas. It’s a carb and protein party, perfect for those with a good appetite.

Arepas

A staple of Colombian cuisine, arepas are corn cakes served at any time of the day. Whether grilled, buttered, or topped with cheese, they’re versatile and delicious. You’ll find unique regional variations wherever you go.

Empanadas

Colombian empanadas are fried pockets of joy filled with meat, potatoes, beans, cheese, or rice. Pair them with a spicy ají sauce (made with cilantro, tomato, garlic, and chili) for the ultimate snack.

Seafood and Ceviche

Colombia’s Caribbean coast offers incredible seafood, including fried coconut fish and unique takes on ceviche. If you’re visiting cities like Cartagena or Santa Marta, be sure to indulge in the coastal flavors.

Chontaduro

This palm fruit is especially popular in the Valle del Cauca region. Often eaten with salt and honey, it’s a unique local delicacy. Personally, I’m not the biggest fan, but if you’re adventurous, give it a try and let me know what you think!

Buñuelos

These fried dough balls filled with cheese are a carb-lover’s dream. Perfect with coffee or hot chocolate, buñuelos are a simple yet incredibly satisfying treat.

What to Drink in Colombia

El Aguardiente

Known for its anise flavor, aguardiente is a traditional Colombian liquor distilled from sugarcane. While it’s not my personal favorite, it’s worth trying for the cultural experience.

Colombian Coffee

Colombia’s reputation for producing world-class Arabica coffee is well-deserved. Its high-altitude farms and rich soil create the perfect conditions for exceptional coffee. If you’re a coffee lover, don’t miss the chance to visit a coffee farm in the Armenia region for a hands-on experience.

Refajo (Colombiana + Cerveza)

This refreshing mix of beer and Colombiana soda is a perfect drink for a sunny afternoon. If you’re not a fan of alcohol, Colombiana soda on its own is a delight.

Luladas and Jugo de Lulo

Lulo is a tangy tropical fruit with a flavor reminiscent of pineapple and lemon. A lulada is like a chunky lemonade with pieces of lulo, while jugo de lulo is a smooth, refreshing juice. Both are must-try drinks when in Colombia.

Colombian cuisine is a vibrant expression of the country’s culture and regions, offering something for every palate. From hearty stews to fresh tropical drinks, you’re sure to find dishes that will make your trip unforgettable. So, travel hungry and savor every bite of this culinary adventure!

Nightlife

If you’re looking for a vibrant nightlife, Colombia should absolutely be on your radar. Few countries offer the perfect blend of warm and friendly locals, incredible music, beautiful weather, and a deep love for dancing. Colombians know how to party, and they do it with passion. Whether you’re seeking a beachside celebration or an urban fiesta, Colombia’s party scene has something for everyone. Cartagena and Medellín are year-round hotspots for nightlife, offering distinctly different vibes: Cartagena with its coastal charm and Medellín with its buzzing city energy. Why not experience both?

If you plan your visit around festival season, you’ll find Cali and Barranquilla to be unbeatable choices.La Feria de Cali and Barranquilla’s Carnival are legendary, offering music, dance, and cultural celebrations.

Popular Colombian Dances

No discussion about nightlife in Colombia would be complete without mentioning the country’s iconic dances. Here are a few you’ll encounter in almost any lively Colombian party scene:

Cumbia
The quintessential traditional dance of Colombia, Cumbia is a symbol of the nation’s cultural identity. Danced in pairs, it portrays the courtship between a man and a woman, often with the partners not physically touching. Cumbia is more than a dance—it’s a cultural tradition with diverse subgenres across the country and Latin America.

Salsa
While Salsa didn’t originate in Colombia, it has become a cultural mainstay, especially in Cali, often referred to as the “Salsa Capital of the World.” Cali-style salsa is known for its rapid footwork and energetic moves. The music combines Cuban, Puerto Rican, and American influences, making it a staple of Colombian nightlife.

Champeta
Born on the Caribbean coast, Champeta is a lively genre that blends African rhythms with Caribbean beats. It’s a cultural phenomenon in Afro-descendant communities, offering both a musical and dance style that’s energetic and deeply rooted in heritage.

Reggaetón
More urban and contemporary, reggaetón dominates Colombia’s club scenes. Its infectious beats and casual dance style make it a favorite for partygoers across the country.

Where to Party in Colombia

Cartagena: Dance under the stars at rooftop bars or enjoy vibrant salsa clubs in Getsemaní. The city’s nightlife blends coastal relaxation with high-energy fun.

Medellín: Known for its modern clubs and bar-lined streets, Medellín’s nightlife thrives in areas like El Poblado and Laureles.

Cali: If salsa is your jam, this city is a must. With its incredible salsa clubs, you’ll see and experience dance at its finest.

Barranquilla: Famous for its Carnival, this city transforms into a massive celebration of music and dance during the season.

No matter where you choose to party in Colombia, you’ll find a mix of incredible music, welcoming locals, and unforgettable energy. 

Adventure and Nature

Colombia is an adventurer’s paradise, offering a breathtaking variety of landscapes and activities for every type of outdoor enthusiast. From diving and climbing to hiking and lounging on tropical beaches, this country’s natural beauty is unparalleled. As one of the world’s most biodiverse countries—and the most biodiverse in bird species—Colombia is a haven for nature lovers. With about 10% of the world’s species within its borders, including rare and endemic creatures, Colombia’s environment is as rich as it is diverse. Whether you’re exploring the Amazon, trekking through the Andes, or unwinding on the Caribbean coast, Colombia is the ultimate destination for connecting with nature.

Top Natural Destinations in Colombia

Guatapé

This vibrant town is home to El Peñón de Guatapé, a 220-meter-high monolith with 702 steps leading to panoramic views of the surrounding lakes and mountains. Guatapé also offers water sports, hiking, and mountain biking, making it a hub for outdoor activities. The town itself is beautiful, with its colorful streets and charming vibe.

Tayrona National Park

Nestled in the shadow of the Sierra Nevada mountains, Tayrona National Park is a tropical paradise that combines beaches with wildlife-rich forests. Visitors can spot monkeys, vibrant dart frogs, and even elusive tree-dwelling jaguars. It’s an ideal destination for those who want to alternate between lounging on stunning beaches and hiking through lush terrain.

Valle de Cocora

One of Colombia’s most iconic landscapes, the Cocora Valley is a dreamlike setting of towering wax palms, misty cloud forests, and vibrant green hills. Located in the heart of coffee country near the town of Salento, this area offers unforgettable hikes and the chance to immerse yourself in Colombia’s coffee culture. The unique scenery feels like stepping into another world—like the set of Jurassic Park.

Ciudad Perdida (Lost City)

For a blend of nature and history, trek to the Lost City in Santa Marta. Dating back to 800 AD, Ciudad Perdida predates Machu Picchu and features 169 terraces carved into the mountainside, connected by jungle pathways. The challenging four- to six-day trek rewards adventurers with breathtaking views, encounters with unique flora and fauna, and a deep dive into the region’s indigenous heritage. A local guide is highly recommended for this unforgettable journey.

Caño Cristales (The River of Seven Colors)

Located in the Sierra de La Macarena National Park, Caño Cristales is often called the most beautiful river in the world. From June to December, aquatic plants called macarenias clavígeras transform the river into a kaleidoscope of red, green, and pink hues. This natural phenomenon is a must-see for those visiting Colombia during this season.

The Amazon

Colombia’s Amazon region offers an unparalleled opportunity to connect with nature and indigenous cultures. From Leticia, the gateway to the Amazon, visitors can explore vast rainforests, encounter pink dolphins, black caimans, and giant water lilies, and learn about the customs and traditions of local indigenous communities. The area also boasts spectacular natural parks like Cahuinari, Río Puré, and Amacayacu, perfect for eco-tourism and wildlife observation. Please make sure to hire trained guides if you want to visit this region ! 

Essential Reading for Nature Enthusiasts

For a deeper understanding of Colombia’s biodiversity and tips on how to responsibly enjoy its natural wonders, check out the free Illustrated Guide to Nature in Colombia here. This beautifully crafted guide is packed with insights and practical advice for exploring Colombia’s ecosystems. Highly recommended!

No matter where your adventure takes you, Colombia’s natural splendor will leave you inspired and longing for more.

Budget and Currency

Colombia’s currency is the Colombian peso, and the country caters to all budgets with a wide variety of accommodations, from luxurious resorts to budget-friendly hostels. While lodging, transportation, and food are generally affordable, your travel expenses will ultimately depend on your preferences and travel style. Budget accommodations can be found for under $30 per night, while high-end hotels and resorts may cost over $500. Dining options are equally diverse, with budget meals available for as little as $3 and gourmet dining experiences starting at around $30 per plate. Comparatively, Colombia is generally more affordable than Mexico, making it an attractive destination for budget-conscious travelers. Also, keep in mind that Colombia is still largely a cash-based society, so it’s wise to arrive prepared with sufficient cash.

Transportation options in Colombia

Getting around Colombia is relatively straightforward, thanks to its variety of transportation methods. Whether you’re navigating cities or exploring remote regions, here’s a guide to the best ways to travel:

Ridesharing Applications

Ridesharing apps like Indrive, DiDi, and Uber are popular and reliable, especially in urban areas. These services are affordable, safe, and particularly convenient at night when public transportation may be limited. With just a few taps on your phone, you can book a ride and avoid the hassle of negotiating fares with traditional taxis.

Taxis

Taxis in Colombia are generally safe if you choose reputable companies and arrange rides through a call or app instead of hailing one from the street. For additional security, avoid unregistered cabs. Taxis can be the best option at airports where app-based services may face restrictions.

Buses

Buses are a great way to travel across Colombia, offering various options for different budgets and comfort levels. Personally, I took a night bus from Bogotá to Medellín, and the experience was surprisingly unforgettable. The ride itself was long, but the highlight was witnessing the sunrise over the jungle—a truly spectacular sight that made the journey worthwhile. Many long-distance buses are equipped with air conditioning, reclining seats, and onboard bathrooms, providing a comfortable alternative to other modes of transportation

Driving

While I haven’t personally driven in Colombia, those accustomed to driving may find it a convenient option, especially for exploring areas like the Cocora Valley. A car can be useful in those regions. However, some cities like Bogotá and Cali enforce a law called Pico y Placa, which restricts vehicles on certain days based on license plate numbers to manage traffic. Be sure to check these regulations before driving. That said, it’s best to avoid driving in remote jungle areas or areas with safety concerns ( more on that later) —flying is a safer and more efficient alternative for such regions.

Flights

For long-distance travel, flights are often the fastest and most practical choice. Colombia’s vast geography and natural barriers make flying an efficient way to cover significant distances. The country’s primary airline, Avianca, offers affordable and reliable domestic flights, making it easy to travel quickly between major cities and regions.

By combining these transportation methods, you can tailor your travel experience to suit your itinerary and budget, ensuring a smooth and enjoyable journey through Colombia. Getting around Colombia is relatively straightforward thanks to its variety of transportation 

Language

Spanish is the official language of Colombia and is spoken throughout the country. As a Spanish speaker myself, I’ve never really had to evaluate how widely Colombians speak English. That said, I believe that, no matter where you travel, knowing a few key phrases in the local language can make a big difference. Simple expressions like “gracias” (thank you), “¿dónde está…?” (where is…), “¿cuánto cuesta…?” (how much is…), and “quiero…” (I want…) can go a long way in helping you navigate daily interactions and connect with locals more meaningfully.

While fluency in Spanish isn’t necessary to enjoy Colombia, making an effort to learn a few basic phrases not only makes your trip smoother but also shows respect for the culture. It’s a small gesture that can lead to richer and more authentic travel experiences.

Do You Need a Visa to Visit Colombia ?

Colombia has specific visa requirements for citizens of certain countries. While many travelers can enter Colombia visa-free for tourism and short stays (up to 90 days), others must obtain a visa before their trip.

Visa-Free Travel to Colombia

Countries Requiring a Colombian Visa

How to Verify Visa Requirements

To confirm your specific visa requirements, it’s best to consult Colombia’s official immigration documents or contact the nearest Colombian embassy or consulate.

Safety in Colombia

While Colombia offers a wealth of incredible experiences, it’s crucial to prioritize safety during your visit. Although many tourist areas are secure, staying vigilant is essential. Always be mindful of your surroundings, take necessary precautions, and avoid walking alone at night. Use reputable transportation services whenever possible. Petty crimes, such as pickpocketing and bag-snatching, are common, especially in larger cities like Bogotá, Cali, Medellín, and Cartagena. These incidents can also occur in major tourist areas, near hotels, and at Bogotá’s airport. Avoid carrying large sums of money or wearing expensive watches or jewelry.

Although Colombia has made significant strides in improving security, the country still faces challenges due to its history of drug-related and terrorist activities. The most notorious of these groups is the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), which officially disarmed in June 2017 as part of a peace agreement. However, dissident groups, who did not honor the peace deal, continue to operate in certain regions.

If you’re planning to visit Ciudad Perdida (The Lost City) in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, be sure to do so as part of an organized tour. For visits to Parque Nacional Tayrona, stick to designated paths, beach areas, and resorts, and avoid venturing inland. This caution applies to other remote destinations as well.

Areas to avoid

Tips

To ensure a safe and enjoyable trip, consider these tips:

• Stay Informed: Consult travel advisories from your government and the Colombian government before your trip.
• Choose Reputable Accommodations: Stay in reputable hotels or resorts.
• Use Reliable Transportation: don’t use unregistered taxis 
• Avoid Isolated Areas: Stick to well-lit and populated areas, especially at night.
• Be Mindful of Your Belongings: Keep an eye on your belongings and avoid carrying excessive amounts of cash.
• Don’t accept food or drink from strangers as they may be spiked 
• be cautious if using online dating apps, as it can be used to lure and rob 

By following these guidelines, you can have a wonderful and safe experience in Colombia.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Colombia has it all. A country with one of the most diverse climates, cultures, wildlife Colombia truly compare to no other.  It offers a rich tapestry of experiences that captivate the senses and create lasting memories. Embrace its diversity, savor its culture, and let the country’s charm make your journey truly unforgettable.